The Impact of Christianity on Western Civilization

The Influence of Christianity on Western Civilization The positive influence of Christianity is far reaching especially in the rich history and culture of Western Civilization despite a long standing ignorance or adamant denial of its contributions. The Bible itself is responsible for much of the language, literature, and fine arts we enjoy today as its artists and composers were heavily influenced by its writings. Paul Maier, in writing the forward to the book How Christianity Changed the World by Alvin J. Schmidt, says this about the profound impact Christianity has had on the development of Western Civilization: â€Å"No other religion, philosophy, teaching, nation, movement—whatever—has so changed the world for the better as Christianity†¦show more content†¦The charter, signed in 1215 at Runnymede by King John granted a number of rights never held before this historic occasion including that â€Å"(1) justice could no longer be sold or denied to freeman who were under authority of barons; (2) no taxes could be levied without representation; (3) no one would be imprisoned without a trial; and (4) property could not be taken from the owner without just compensation (Schmidt 251). The Magna Carta had important Christian ties as demonstrated by its preamble that began, â€Å"John, by the grace of God†¦,† and stated that the charter was formulated out of â€Å"reverence for God and for the salvation of our soul and those of all our ancestors and heirs, for the honour of God and the exaltation of Holy Church and the reform of our realm, on the advice of our reverend [church] fathers† (Schmidt 251). This document also followed the precedent established in 325 at the Council of Nicaea in which Christian bishops wrote and adopted a formal code of fundamental beliefs to which all Christians were expected to adhere. The Magna Carta displayed what its formulators as Christians expected of the king and his subjects regarding civic liberties (Schmidt 251). Natural law is a concept with a long history dating back to the Greco-Roman philosophers. Despite some variations among philosophers one point of agreement was understood as â€Å"that process in nature by which human beings, through the use of sound reason, were able to perceive what was morally rightShow MoreRelatedA Short Note On The Edict Of Milan873 Words   |  4 Pages After the fascinating discoveries from Marco Polo, another event that was significant throughout Western Civilization is the Edict of Milan. The Edict of Milan was a declaration that permanently established religious tolerance for Christianity within the Roman Empire. The outcome of the political agreement concluded, of course, in Milan, between emperors of Constantine I and Licinius, in February 313. The declaration, was made for the East by Licinius, granting all people the freedom of any religionRead MoreAlexander The Great Of The Classical Greek Culture Essay1742 Words   |  7 Pageswell-designed ameni ties like parks, theatres and other public venues. As the cities grew, the need for a more comprehensive government expanded as well. Alexander the Great left behind an incredible legacy that would significantly impact not only future generations, but entire civilizations for thousand of years to come. Because of his strategic planning, military muscle and intrepid foresight, bustling cities (more than twenty named after Alexander the Great himself) flourished, philosophy expanded the wayRead MoreCultural, Economical, Religious, And Political Contributions847 Words   |  4 Pagesdevelopment of western culture. Albeit Rome embraced and developed some characteristics of Greek culture, they still made prominent contributions of their own. Rome and Greece contributed Christianity, Philosophy, The Republic, and Literature. At the time, Roman religion was centered on gods and the interpretation of why things were the way they were. Each god had its own special day where priest would sacrifice animals and offer it to them. Rome’s religion was challenged when Christianity began toRead More Greek And Roman Influence On Western Civilization Essay581 Words   |  3 Pages Western civilization is what we call modern society that mainly includes North America and Western Europe. But how did this western way of life come to be? Their are many different ways but mainly through ancient cultures. The two main ones are the Greek and Roman. Greece with their golden age and Rome with its great Empire and Republic and also together. Their are many ways in which western civilization is like the ancient Greek civilization. They started the Olympic games. Greeks comeRead MoreThe Influence Of Western Civilization1673 Words   |  7 Pages The Influence of western Civilization Western Civilization has had a tremendous influence on many different cultures worldwide. From the Hispanic cultures in South and Central America, to the Caribbean islands, and also to the various exotic African countries, and even to the distinguished cultures that reside in the continent of Asia. In many ways than one, these cultures have been molded to be as westernized as they could possibly be without losing their traditional customs indefinitelyRead More Greeks and romans Essay1008 Words   |  5 Pages Three ancient civilizations contributed most to Western society. These ancient cultures were the Romans, Greeks, and Judeo-Christians. Although all three had a major impact on our life today in areas such Philosophy, Art, Architecture, Education, Military, Family Life, Government, and many more, it is evident that the Roman civilization has impacted Western Society beyond the other two. But to come to this conclusion you must first look at all aspects of life of all three cultu res. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;TheRead MoreThe Catholic Church during the 7th and 8th Century1213 Words   |  5 Pagesin Rome became powerful in the 6th century, successfully continuing to be in power throughout the 9th century. The great altitude was reached by the Church when the Roman Empire was torn apart by the barbarians and then ripped throughout Europe. Western Europe is grateful to its preservation due to the rise of the Church. Nothing would manage to survive in the middle ages, if there had not been the alliance of the churches with the barbarian royalty, contributing to the preservation of agricultureRead MoreModel Essay Comparison Essay Post-Classical Civilizations1304 Words   |  6 PagesQuestion: With the collapse of the classical civilizations, post-classical civilizations arose shortly thereafter. Compare the factors that led to the rise post-classical civilizations from 500 CE to 1200CE between two of the following regions- Europe, East Asia, Africa or the Middle East . Model Essay Comparison Essay Post-Classical Civilizations With the collapse of the Roman, Gupta and Han empires, the world was left in a period of chaos with little structure in most areas. However afterRead MoreAncient Islamic Worlds And The Medieval Period1434 Words   |  6 Pages In many of the civilizations that have ever controlled apart of the world, have done some kind of trading in their history. This trading could be man-made, food, spices, or even more idea ridden things like ideology, movements, and idealism s. Although the trading of the man made things are easier than the idealism that are trades, those idealism still can and has effected a lot of civilizations. In Ancient Islamic worlds, the Byzantium Empire, and even during the medieval timer period they allRead MoreThe Differences Between Greeks And Romans1225 Words   |  5 PagesGreeks and Romans civilization achievements were put into the categories of politics, religion, and intellectualism. Religion has performed a major role in developments of societies. The main p oints that will be discussed in this paper are the overall benefits and consequences of religion, and the changes that were made. The beginnings of Christianity are very blurry, as far as historical fact is concerned. The tragedy of the Roman invasion resulted in the Greeks having to change there out look

The Broad Communications Free Essays

The broad communications as methods of correspondence produces messages which are intended to achieve countless with the objective of expanding a benefit (as refered to in Thompson and Heinberg, 1999). Because of the mass medias tremendous expansion all through society, Willinge, Touyz and Charles (2006), contend that it is likely the absolute most capable and compelling transmitter of the admired self-perception for females. In the past pictures of magnificence and gentility were generally depicted using craftsmanship, music and writing. We will write a custom essay sample on The Broad Communications or any similar topic only for you Order Now However the media and its impact have radically changed and developed from that point forward, and it is the present print and electronic media that have gone under much feedback for their portrayal of the glorified self-perception (Thompson and Heinberg, 1999). Johnson, Tobin and Steinberg (1989) express that the thin perfect self-perception which is depicted in the media is normally 15% underneath the normal weight of a ladies (as refered to in Hawkins, Richards, MacGranley and Stein, 2004). While Wiseman, Gray, Mosimann and Ahrens (1992) express that while the normal American ladies is in actuality getting heavier, the media pictures of ladies are to be sure getting more slender (as refered to in Cory and Burns, 2007). Thompson and Heinberg (1999) keep on adding to this contention. They express that lone 10% of ladies depicted on TV are overweight. This isn’t a genuine portrayal of our general public today. Willinge et al (2006) states that 75% of individuals met trusted that the media advances slimness as a perfect to endeavor towards for ladies. Hawkins et al (2004) concur with these announcements and contend that while the media picture of ladies ends up more slender it is making the perfect body significantly more hard to accomplish and is making included weight ladies. Gordon (2008) keeps on noticing the media offer little decent variety in the depiction of ladies. In a report completed by Dove healthy skin about ‘genuine’ ladies’ demeanor towards the pictures appeared in the media, 75% of ladies expressed that they might want to see greater decent variety of ladies in the media. This included ladies of various shape, size and age (Etcoff, Orbach, Scott and D’Agostino, 2004). In later years the size zero pattern has been underlined and supported in numerous parts of Western culture. Willinge et al. (2006) states that females are urged to endeavor towards this picture, in spite of the fact that this perfect is at last extraordinary and hazardous and unattainable for most. Berel and Irving (1998) expressed in a report that female understudies revealed that the media connected the most weight on the possibility of slimness than some other source (as refered to in Robles, 2011). While Bedford and Johnson (2006) express that more youthful ladies are frequently more delicate to the multidimensional idea of the media and subsequently this regularly brings about diminished levels of control levels. McKinley and Hyde (1996) report that the media portray men and ladies in various structures which may add to the sexual externalization as talked about already. All through the media pictures that speak to men by and large focus all over and head, while pictures speaking to ladies tend to center around their body. McKinley and Hyde (1996) contend this is unmistakable all through every visual type of media, specifically music recordings, commercial and ladies’ magazines. This accentuation on the thin romanticized self-perception frequently builds the sentiment sexual typification. They assert that proceeded with presentation to these pictures brings about numerous ladies wanting to change their appearance trying to ‘fit in’. Bessenoff (2006) claims that nonstop presentation to these pictures of the thin admired body in the media can have numerous negative consequences for ladies including; a reduction in selfesteem, melancholy and dietary problems. While McKinley and Hyde (1996) remark that one of the most noticeably bad impacts that rehashed introduction to the media can have on ladies is that of self externalization, that will be that ladies start to regard themselves as a body that is there for evalution. McKinley and Hyde (1996) concur with the conclusion from Bessenoff (2006) and keep on stating that this thus prompts a lessening in confidence and discouragement and most pessimistic scenario dietary problems. How to cite The Broad Communications, Papers

Portrait of Mona Lisa by Leonardo Da Vinci Essay Example For Students

Portrait of Mona Lisa by Leonardo Da Vinci Essay The logical Standard of Art Measurement for a sure evaluation of works of art is based: on rare examples of the highest manifestations of the Six Elements of Art Power. That is to say: The greatest work of art in the world is that one in which we see manifested: First: A Subject which is Socially the most beneficent, of interest to the greatest number of people, and the noblest in Conception. Second: In which the Expression: on the faces of tlhe figures, in the details, and in the work as a whole-expresses profoundly that which the work is supposed to express. Third: In which the Composition is the most sublime. Fourth: In which the Drawing of all forms is the most true and effective in rendering Life, above all-Ideal Life. Fifth: In which the Color is the most varied and rich. Sixth: In which the surface Technique is the most vigor ous, appropriate, and unoffensively individual; the whole work of such a Quality, and so coordinated, as to insure a result, in which a Subject is expressed with the greatest Completeness and Harmony: so as to stir the highest emotions of the largest number of cultured people for the longest period of time. We consider a wvork of art great or trivial in ratio of the clegree to which it measures up to this standard. PORTRAIT-MAKING whether in paint or marble is an art by itself, above all as practised by the vast majority of those artists of to-day to whom it is merely a public highway in which to parade tricks of brush-work in paint or chisel marks in marble. Compared with ideal figure painting and sculpture it is and will always remain a second class art. This is because it requires less invention, less imagination, less poetry to make a first-class por trait than it does to make a first-class dramatic work, such as are the great works which serve as milestones along the historical path of art evolution. Of course, many artists who have made portrait making the main pursuit of their lives and have an inflated idea of its importance will deny this. This is because so few of them are able to detach them selves from their special pursuits and because most of them speak of their art when they really mean their artistry-their technique and brush-work -and so cannot see that Rembrandtfs artistry is not art a all but mere skill-and that what makes some of his portraits so very fine is not only his painting skill but his remarkable ability to invest his works with beauty of design-design of line and design of color-scheme-which lift them out of the class of mere portraits and put them into the class of imaginative pictures; one or two of them are, in addition, so searchingly interpreta tive as to raise them to the plane of expressive art. Of course, such portrait groups as Velasquezs Surrender of Breda and Rembrandts Syndics of the Drapers and Halss Banquet Portraits are superbly expressive creations which command our highest admiration. Portrait of Mona Lisa by Leonardo Da Vinci But while they do rouse the admiration of our intellect, they never command the homage of our soul which is a higher experience than mere admi ration of the mind. It is this which so many of our artists never learn until it is too late. They imagine that when they have surprised or astonished us by their dexterity or even make a decoratively charming composition, they have won a great victory, when in truth they have not reached even the outskirts of the inner sanctum where sits enthroned our ego ever on the alert and anxious for the arrival of lifting and awe-inspiring emotions such as make life for a man of fine culture really worth while. This is largely due also to the fact that many of our artists are mere dilettanti who have hugged to their breasts the childish and parasitical notion that an artist should never think of making any sort of appeal to the public-which is only another name for the universal consciousness; that he should think only of expressing himself in his own way; to paint, carve and write when he wants, what he wants and how he wants, and if the public does not like his work it can pass it by, ignoring the fact that a t ruly great artist will never be content to simply amuse himself with merely expressing his own capricious emotions like a Hottentot playing on a sand pile in the African jungle, but who will ever have before him the social soul with an ever burning desire to stir the emotions of mankind, to captivate it by producing works which as Taine truly said will forcefully appeal both to the humble and great. Certain it is that it is impossible to call any portrait picture a sublime creation, unless we except Leonardos Last Supper as a collection of portraits of Christ and his apostles. Importance of Arts Education Essay ThesisFifth, as to color: there remains little to be said since it has sombered somewhat with age. But we can say that the chosen color-scheme, a warm gray-scheme-harmonized, as it should, with the person and the mental state Leonardo aimed to portray. Sixth and last: the technique or painting is of that impersonal kind which makes it seem as if any consummate artist might have painted it; and yet it is personal enough to force us to feel that no other artist painted in just that manner. Therefore Leonardo here in this portrait wins out in every element of art power and distances nearly all of his competitors in the history of the art of portraiture. Not only does the Mona Lisa suggest Mona Lisa searching the soul of the great Leonardo while he painted her, and with whom she was, most likely, also discreetly in love, but she typifies the eternal feminine, ever kindly, even when most pes simistic, eternally inquisitive even when most cer tain, and ever skeptical even when most optimistic. Thus she is at once a type of a particular transient woman and a symbol of the everlasting feminine. Hence she at once makes an individual and universal appeal. Thus in this case Leonardo lifted portrait-making out of the category of merely representative art, beyond which few portraits ever go and places it in the highest category, that of expressive art; and he did his largely by spurning all childish stunts in artistry and those pitiably petty and temperamental and personal tricks of an egotis tic and parading mannerismn so dear to the vaude ville craftsman. And he did it finally with such rare and subtle power that the Mona Lisa will ever seem mysterious to those who cannot penetrate beyond the surface of things, but for those who see deeply he made of it not only a mere decorative record of a person, but a beautiful poetic creation which across the centuries has roused the emotions of prince, priest and peasant. That is why it is great and why it will always remain as a model for every portrait artist who wishes to achieve a place in the affections of people to whom poetic and spiritual art makes a supreme appeal.

Essay Examples on England Essay Example

Essay Examples on England Paper 1st Essay Sample on England During the years of 1600-1763, there was a major struggle over who would possess the wide stretches of land throughout the New World which, involved three European Nations: France, Spain, and England. Throughout the endeavor for the land of the New World, England became triumphant because of their many settlements, economy/ government, and the many military victories. All three European Nations had settlements but only Englands really prospered in North America. The Spanish founded New Mexico in 1609 and Sante Fe in 1610 in North America. Their downfall came when they tried to convert the Indians to there Christian beliefs which provoked the Indians to make an up rise in 1680 where they destroyed the churches and killed many of the Spanish settlers. It took them over a century to regain any land in North America. The French leader Samuel de Champlain or the Father of New France established Quebec, in 1608. Later, Montreal, Louisiana, and New Orleans were founded. The governments of these establishments was controlled by the crown and was highly autocratic. These French territories would later become territory of the English due to the French and Indian War. Unlike the French and Spanish, England founded many colonies that would never be destroyed or taken by another Nations. England’sfirst settlement in Jamestown was brought to life by a charter given to the Virginia Company of London, by King James I and was called Virginia. This colony would be referred to later as the foundation of America. Colonizing was put forth by the ending of England’s Civil War in 1660 which was known as the restoration period. The colonies had a representative self government and right to trail by jury, a plus compared to the French’s autocratic government. We will write a custom essay sample on Essay Examples on England specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Essay Examples on England specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Essay Examples on England specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer England also put up a buffer state known as Georgia which would protect the Northern colonies from Spanish attackers. 2nd Essay Sample on England Although Spain and Portugal appeared to be leaders of the exploration of the New World, it was clear that England was the most successful and its colonies the most profitable in the New World by the 17th century. Englands reach extended to nearly all the land along the coast of the Atlantic Ocean apart from Florida, which had succeeded in staying in Spanish hands. English men, women, and those of youth left England in search for opportunity, a better means of which to live, and most importantly, wealth. If England had not been in a state of crisis at the time involving social inequality, population increase, and an environment in which the rich were becoming richer and the poor were growing poorer, not many would seek refuge in an unknown land. The fact that so many English were traveling to the New World was probably a perk for Englands status as a world power due to the fact that the English became a majority in the Americas, and assigned themselves many more rights and privileges than they did to minorities. England would have surely become the most dominant nation in the world had it not been for the independent, and for England, the idealistic views of the settlers in the New World. When they entered into a New World, the settlers brought with them their religious beliefs, a major component in the diversification of the colonies. Those with a stricter religious regime, a more feared God, and conservative ideals settled and formed the New England colonies. All of these colonies happened to form after the founders fled religious persecution or were given land specifically for followers of their beliefs, thereby putting a strong emphasis on religious duty among the people. New England, because it was so heavily constructed around religion, saw the settlement of whole families and their servants. 3rdEssay Sample on England When settlers from England came to America, they envisioned a Utopia, where they would have a say in what the government can and cannot do. Before they could live in such a society they would have to take many small steps to break the hold England had on them. The settlers of America had to end a monarchy and start their own, unique, form of government. They also had to find a way that they would have some kind of decision making power. The most important change that the colonies in America had to make was to become a society quite different from that in England. By 1763 although some colonies still maintained established churches, other colonies had accomplished a virtual revolution for religious toleration and separation of church and state. During the mid-1600’s England was a Christian dominated nation; the colonies, however, were mainly Puritans. When Sir Edmond Andros took over a Puritan church in Boston for Anglican worship, the Puritans believed this was done to break their power and authority. The Puritan church in New England was almost entirely separated from the state, except that they taxed the residents for the church;s support. The churches in New England had no temporal power, unlike the church of England. Many seaport towns like Marble head and Gloucester, became more religious as time pasted. This show of religious freedom was a way in which the colonies had religious toleration and differed from the Christian church in England. Unlike the well-defined social classes of England, the colonies had a streamline class structure, which gave individuals the chance to rise on the social latter. New settlers living on the coast could become rich by fishing and selling what they caught. If fishing was not a settler;s strong point, then they could try their hand at farming. Getting the land to farm on was the easy part.

How Women are Represented in Hip Hop Videos Essays

How Women are Represented in Hip Hop Videos Essays How Women are Represented in Hip Hop Videos Paper How Women are Represented in Hip Hop Videos Paper Hip Hop Videos For Years, video girls have been a major part of hip hop music and videos, but what is the cost? Are girls losing themselves in the glitz and glam of being a video girl? This video covers Just that: what Image women are giving out by being in these Hip Hop videos. These viewpoints come from a few different people who all have different roles in the Hip Hop world. The video also talks about the negative roles such as walking blind, that girls choose to take on as they begin to be in Hip Hop videos. The video opens by Introducing who will be sharing their opinions throughout the video. It introduces us to Melissa Ford, who is a model, Irvin Got, who is a record executive, Kenned G, who is a radio show host, and Kevin Powell, who is a writer and activist. The first topic they cover is walking blind. The host opens by showing examples of how women are shown In hip hop music videos. She looks Into clips from both a 50 cent video and a Jay Z video. Both videos show females in small clothes, out numbering the males in the videos. This strengthens the hosts point that the girls might be looked at as walking blind. As she states, they may be looked at as nothing more than adornments; much Like Jewelry. Females In music videos are sometimes used Just as an object. They represent a prize or something that can be obtained once you reach a certain level of stardom. According to http:// Neolithic. Wordless. Mom/2012/10/21 the-representation-of-women-in-hip- hop-and- rap-videos/ , Women are ever so often there as mere sexual objects, dancing provocatively in revealing clothing, demonstrating sexual Innuendos with their bodies movements, present in the clips entirely for the heterosexual male artists and ewers satisfaction. With that being their primary, and pretty much only purpose of being in the video, they are not so much full blown human beings, as much as they are considered to be objects to be used. They also are viewed simply as entertainment, according to Irvin. Also, they argue that sometimes the women CHOOSE to put themselves in this position. Some Women think that being in a hip hop video is empowering to them. They feel the need for the extra attention that comes along with being on screen. In this video, each of the four present speakers gives their own personal pollens room different points of view. Having different jobs in the industry, they all have different ideas, even if only slightly. They all have different ideas to share and comments to add to the discussion. After the host introduces the idea of walking blind, the first to speak Is Irvin Got. He speaks about the entertainment aspect of the hip hop videos and the women in them. He says, Our Job is to entertain You think 1 OFF ten man won Is a police man or ten garbage man, or ten cocoons teacher People won have real lives and real Jobs, you think [they care] ? They Just want to be entertained. This shows that he is not looking at the situation as though women are being objectified or given a negative image; He sees it as strictly a business of entertainment. The females in his mind represent something to look at, and something that might possibly brighten a working mans day. Irvin even goes as far as to say that he would allow his own daughter to be apart of one of his music videos. This goes to show how construed the mind of society has become, because of the regularity of these images in the media. However, this Just adds to the realization hat Irvin does not see it in a negative way, and may not see the negative image that the video girls are given. The second to speak is model, Melissa Ford. The host asks Ford, Have you ever felt disrespected? Have you ever felt objectified or uncomfortable? What is that experience like? Ford responds by saying, In my personal experience, I looked at it as a Job. This is a paycheck. This is my stepping stone to get to another level This is also another way you can view this situation. Dancing in music videos may be the only option some females have to get a paycheck. Unfortunately, they are still given a negative image and looked at in a bad light. She makes the point that while some females do it for the business a spect, sometimes being in front of the camera makes a girl feel good about themselves. Other times they simply crave the attention they get from being on the camera. This also opens the door for young, insecure girls to become a part of this world. A young girl might be watching television and see an older women dancing in a provocative way, half naked, on a hip hop music video. That young girl may not think about the negative image that model is giving herself, UT instead might see a woman who is comfortable in her own skin and is getting the attention of many guys and even other women. Melissa tells that the competition to be noticed is more extreme now. Where as there used to be five or six girls, now theres fifty or sixty girls Youve got to fight for the attention. The host then asks the question, How have you seen a change over time Compare music videos from the early asss to music videos from 2007. The question is targeted at Kevin Powell, and he first responds with, muff know, from 85 to 90, 91, you didnt see that. You saw a few females but there was a balance that was happening. This shows that over time, there have been changes in society that also change the image that the girls in the hippo videos are portraying. While before, they might have been Just to balance out a gender ratio, now they girls outnumber the guys. The girls are no longer looked at in the same innocent way; they have taken on more sexual roles and are seen in a totally different light. This is why the portrayal of women in hip hop videos has changed, and is now negative. Powell then sha res how he was actually shocked, and wondered what kind of video is this? He hits on the point that I brought up earlier by saying, little girls actually believe that this is what women hood is. The balance change has left girls thinking that a video girl is all they can be, and their only path to being accepted and successful. The little girls dont see the negative aspect of the video girl, only that they are receiving attention by the guys around them. Lastly, the host asks Kenned if she believed women were being objectified. Kenned quickly replay, Tolerantly 1 00. I AAA nave a problem Walt ten perception Tanat Is going on with women in videos today When you see a beautiful woman, and I respect her for being beautiful, but my problem is what about the little girl that doesnt know that okay, Just being beautiful is not enough. Video girls are giving off the perception to young girls that hey, if youre pretty, then this is what you will get to do. More and more young girls are being sucked into this world, not realizing what theyre getting themselves into. Kenned taps into the superficial aspect of it all when she says, If that girl gains twenty pounds shes out of a Job. So my issue is the fact of how these women are being portrayed in these videos. Young girls see provocative dancing and clothing in these music videos and think it is okay, because its all over television and all over the media. They feel as if this is the norm. So in conclusion, while girls are Jumping at the chance to be in a hip hop video as one of the many video girls, they need to first think what they are portraying themselves as. Any girl that is working towards being a part of the music video world is at risk of having a bad image from that point on. They should look at whether they are playing a role in the belittlement of women, or if they are simply performing a job.

Checklist for Editing Paragraphs and Essays

Checklist for Editing Paragraphs and Essays Editing is a way of thinking critically and reading carefully.(C. Friend and D. Challenger, Contemporary Editing. Routledge, 2014) After revising an essay (perhaps several times) until were satisfied with its basic content and structure, we still need to edit our work. In other words, we need to examine our sentences to make sure that each one is clear, concise, forceful, and free of mistakes. Use this checklist as a guide when editing paragraphs and essays. Is each sentence clear and complete?Can any short, choppy sentences be improved by combining them?Can any long, awkward sentences be improved by breaking them down into shorter units and recombining them?Can any wordy sentences be made more concise?Can any run-on sentences be more effectively coordinated or subordinated?Does each verb agree with its subject?Are all verb forms correct and consistent?Do pronouns refer clearly to the appropriate nouns?Do all modifying words and phrases refer clearly to the words they are intended to modify?Is each word in the essay appropriate and effective?Is each word spelled correctly?Is the punctuation correct? See also:Revision and Editing Checklist for a Critical Essay

Discuss Prousts theory of memory and time using specific examples of Essay

Discuss Prousts theory of memory and time using specific examples of Time regained - Essay Example The precise aspect can be seen immediately in the lead-in of "Time regained": "I spent the whole day in my room, the windows of which opened upon the beautiful verdure of the park, upon the lilacs of the entrance, upon the green leaves of the great trees beside the water and in the forest of Msglise. It was a pleasure to contemplate all this, I was saying to myself: "How charming to have all this greenery in my window" until suddenly in the midst of the great green picture I recognised the clock tower of the Church of Combray toned in contrast to a sombre blue as though it were far distant, not a reproduction of the clock tower but its very self which, defying time and space, thrust itself into the midst of the luminous greenery as if it were engraved upon my window-pane."1. Marcel Proust ends his search of Lost Time with a seventh volume: "Time regained". This last volume shall be seen, not as a conclusion of the entire work but, as the reason the author decides to start to write. We have to consider "Time regained" as an introduction to Proust's previous volumes of "in search of Lost Time" because he finally links art - in his case literature - to memory and time. Art should be the way to represent and ultimately to regain the time which was lost. " This labour of the artist to discover a means of

Rhetorical analysis essay Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Rhetorical analysis essay - Assignment Example In his commencement address to the graduating class of 2005 at the Stanford University, Steve Jobs strives to uphold his argument that one should pursue their dreams without allowing challenges to stop them (â€Å"Stanford University† 1). Steve Jobs tells three stories of his life to convince the students to focus on their dreams and disregard all challenges, which would stop them. He told the students to use such challenges as opportunities to achieve more. The address focuses on three stories that would have prevented Steve Jobs from achieving his dreams but instead he used them as stepping stones to learn and record huge success in technology. Steve Jobs derives various arguments in the three stories regarding the family challenges at his childhood, professional challenges at his workplace, and health challenges from his diagnosis with cancer (â€Å"Stanford University† 1). In establishing his argument, Steve Jobs uses different rhetorical strategies and establishes his credibility to convince the target audience on the need to focus on one’s goals and use challenges as opportunities to succeed in life. For us to understand the intentions of Steve Jobs in developing an\d utilizing his argument on TED Talk during the commencement address at the Stanford University, we must analyze the target audience, apparent purpose of the argument, and the context where the argument occurred. Steve Jobs argues that challenges will always be there in our pursuit for success but we should always maximize the challenges and treat them as opportunities to achieving our dreams. The context of Steve Jobs’ argument emanates from his personal experiences where he faced many challenges before making immense contributions in modern technology. Moreover, various statistics showing how graduates lose their dreams after facing serious challenges in life developed the context of his argument. Moreover, the fact that Steve Jobs never graduated from college and the idea of

Race and ethnicity in the United States Census Essay Example for Free

Race and ethnicity in the United States Census Essay The media is an industry where the competition is intense and it has been used by the government individuals, organizations, institutions, society, and family etc. for various purposes. However, due to the increasing competition in the industry, many at times the functions and duties which the media owes to the society are significantly overlooked. There are various functions of the media some will be discussed later on in this paper. The aim of the media has to a fearfully large extent shifted from fulfilling its roles to the society, rather their focus is often on how much entertainment they can offer to their audience and how much money they can make and how quickly they can make it. Entertainment and money making is definitely key in the existence, survival and growth of this industry, nevertheless, this should not be achieved by inappropriately portraying a group’s identity in any form. DEFINITION OF KEY TERMS Construction – To make or create, by putting together ideas, components or arguments. Group Identity – This refers to a person’s sense of belonging to a group. Media- Are communication channels through which news, entertainment, education, data or promotional messages are disseminated. Media includes every broadcasting and narrow casting medium such as newspapers, magazines, TV, radio, billboards, direct mail, telephone, fax and internet (business dictionary, 2015). THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK SOCIAL IDENTITY THEORY BY TAJFEL TURNER (1979) This theory was propounded in order to understand the psychological reasons and basis for inter- group discrimination. The components of this theory goes thus: Categorization- This is the process of putting ourselves and others into categories, our self-image is associated with the categories we belong to. Identification – This is the process by which we associate ourselves with certain groups of people. Nevertheless there are some groups we don’t want to be identified with (out groups) and there are some we would want to be identified with (in groups). Comparison- This is the process through which we compare our groups with other groups, thereby creating a positive bias towards the groups in which we are members of. This aspect of this work will focus on two salient functions of the media amidst the various ones there are. Social heritage function- The onus lies on the media to transmit positive racial and ethnic values about every existing race and ethnic group. The act of highlighting and spotlighting the various negativities of races and ethnic groups should be avoided. Surveillance function- This is the duty the media owes to the society in circulating news and information when necessary, the media is responsible for providing information about events. THE CONSTRUCTION OF GROUP IDENTITY BY HOLLYWOOD (A STUDY OF THE LATINO RACE) There are five acclaimed races in the world: 1) Mongoloid (Asian and American Indian) 2) Caucasoid (European) 3) Australoid (Australian and oceanic) 4) Negroid (East African black). 5) Capoid (South African black) The Latinos could be said to belong to the Mongoloid race and most of the 315 million people who live in the United States of America are either immigrants or have ancestry to another country. In actual fact, the only truly American people are the Native ones. This country is based on the idea of migration in pursuit of a better social and economic life. According to U. S. Census Bureau (2012), there are roughly 52 million Hispanics/Latinos living in the United States, representing approximately 16. 7% of the total population of United States of America, and making them the nation’s largest ethnic minority. Among Hispanic subgroups, Mexicans rated as the largest at 63%, followed by Puerto Ricans (9. 2%), Cubans (3. 5%), Salvadorans (3. 3%), Dominicans (2. 8%), and the remaining 18. 2% were Colombians, Guatemalans, Portuguese, Honduras, Ecuadorians, Peruvians, Brazilian. The main reason for their migration has been either that they are politically endangered or have financial problems. For instance the Cubans who ended up in America wanted to escape from the political conditions in their country. Escaping from the communist government practiced in Cuba, they were considered as ‘political refugees’ in America for three and a half decades until 1995. As a result of America’s opposition to the Cuban government, they were treated in America better than almost any other ethnic group. This has also been partly because of their high level of education and professionalism before migration (Martins, 2006 as seen in Mousavi Sadeghi, 2013). Latinos, Mexicans in particular, mostly live in the Southwest; almost half in California and Texas. Puerto Ricans are mostly in the East and Cubans are in Florida. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, legal Hispanic household income is only 75 percent of White American income. There is also a high rate of poverty and unemployment among them, and their socio economic status is at a low level. The cause for this situation is partially their jobs being the lowest paid ones, their low education level, and employment discrimination (Camarillo and Bonilla, 2001). They are present in the news, advertisements, election campaigns, political debates, television and films. The common major feature that is present in all of these portrayals is the problems related to them that should be solved and not to be glorified, exaggerated or exploited by Hollywood. Before now African Americans were more likely to be portrayed as domestic workers in Hollywood. African Americans played major roles in television sitcoms such as â€Å"Beulah† in the 1950’s and â€Å"Gone with the wind† in 1939. In recent times Latinos have increasingly replaced African Americans as Hollywood domestics. Hollywood has presented an incorrect reality of the Latino people to the American people and to the world at large, it has exaggerated a poor image of this particular race. Although the Latinos who live in America get more roles to play in Hollywood, most of these roles are mentioned in the next paragraph. The Latino female is often presented as a temptress, vamp, lustful, promiscuous, unfaithful, manipulative, of loose morals or submissive at times in relation to a white male fantasy, low class, serving the whites. A list of Ten Latino Female artists who have played the role of a maid in Hollywood Movies/series. Jennifer Lopez – Maid in Manhattan, 2002 Aida Linares- Clueless, 1995 Lupe Ontiveros- As good as it gets, 1997 (She has played an estimate of 150 maid roles on television). Consuela-Family Guy, 2005-till present Nadine Valesquez-My name is Earl, 2005-2009 Paz Vega- Spanglish, 2004 Kate Del Castillo- La misma Luna, 2007 Adriana Barraza- Babel, 2006 Catalina Saavedra, The maid, 2009 Roselyn Sanchez, Devious Maids, 2013- till present Pania Ramirez – Devious Maids, 2013 till present THE MEDIA, DIVERSITY AND SOCIAL CHANGE INITIATIVE (MDSCI)’S SIX YEAR STUDY REVEALS SOME STATISTICS. Among the racial and ethnic groups studied in the Media, Diversity, and Social Change Initiative’s report, released August 2014, Latinos made up only 4. 9% of movie characters across 100 of 2013’s top-grossing films. According to the U. S. Census Bureau’s estimates, there are roughly 52 million Latinos in the U. S. as of July 1, 2011, or just over 16% of the current U. S. population. That number is on track to reach 132. 8 million — or about 30% of the U. S. population — by July 1, 2050. LATINOS THAT ARE DEPICTED IN TOP-GROSSING MOVIES ARE MOSTLY NAKED. While the study does note that â€Å"Hispanic females (37. 3%) were more likely to be featured in popular films than were white females (29. 6%) or Asian females (32%),† Latinas are also more likely than females among any of the other groups studied (37. 5%, to be precise) to be shown partially dressed or nude on the big screen. LATINOS ARE ALSO HIGHLY LIKELY TO BE SEXUALIZED. The sexualization of Latinos does not stop with women. Latino men were the most likely among the studied groups (16. 5%) to be depicted wearing â€Å"tight, alluring or revealing clothing. † DANGERS OF THE NEGATIVE PORTRAYAL OF RACE ETHNICITY BY THE MEDIA ?Since there is a tendency to believe what is represented or depicted by the media; as particular races or ethnic groups are often negatively portrayed, others who are not acquainted with such group of people are bound to believe they are actually the way the media has presented them. ? Another danger of negative portrayals of race/ethnic groups by the media is that the younger ones from such groups may not be able to see themselves better than the way the media has portrayed them. For example if a race is continually depicted as a maid or as vulgar murderer the younger generation of such groups may not see anything wrong with being that way and could actually end up as same. ? This particular race have existing challenges of employment, poor education; the continuous depictions as such does not help solve these problems, but only worsens them. ?It could be difficult for people who are negatively portrayed to keep relationships with or amongst other races who are depicted as superior to them. THE NOLLYWOOD CONSTRUCT OF ETHNICITY (A STUDY OF THE YORUBA, AND NORTHERN NIGERIANS) The founding fathers of Yoruba films in Nigeria i. e. Herbert Ogunde, Moses Olaiya (Baba Sala) Based their works on the constructive values of the Yoruba ethnic group without leaving their audience entertained. In recent times Nollywood has neglected the transfer of social heritage function in the production of Yoruba films. More often than necessary abusive statements, raining of curses and the invention of such and rascality has been synonymous with Yoruba films. The very rich Yoruba culture which the world could learn from is often being tarnished by our film industry. However there are various Yoruba producers who focus on spreading the positivity of the Yoruba culture i. e. Tunde Kelani, Tade Ogidan, Yinka Afolayan. Men from the Northern part of Nigeria are also often times portrayed as either a gateman or the security man of a well-established family. The character who could actually be Yoruba speaks like a man from the north to convince the audience that the gateman is a man from the Northern part of the Country. Little does Nollywood know that many of the gatemen in Lagos which I can speak for are not even Nigerians. I have observed that most of the gatemen/security men in reality are actually from Niger Republic many of them look like Nigerian Northerners, are able to speak Hausa language but they are not Nigerians. RECOMMENDATIONS ?Every race has some sort of value and norms that could be positive, the media should hereby seek out such and spread them. ? The media needs to respect the fact that every human person has dignity and should be portrayed as such. ?They never should never assume that a particular race or ethnicity is less than the other, regardless of the socio economic status of such groups. ?The media should seek to solve the challenges faced by some races and ethnic groups rather than exploit them. ?The media should be reminded that they are socially responsible to the society, thus they should be mindful of what they feed the society with.

Drugs And Legalization Essay -- essays research papers

Drugs and Legalization   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Since early on man has been interested in the consumption of substances that altered the mind or ones feeling. The consumption of substances can be broken down into legal and illegal substances. The question is, who are we to label certain substances illegal and prohibit others from using them by creating penalties for their use?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  If the importation, sale and use of drugs were legal, the open competition would eliminate the profitability of drug dealing. Without the economic incentive to commit violent crimes, the violence of drug dealing would be dramatically reduced. In addition to the elimination of the economic incentive, the health risk factor would help to reduce the role of the drug dealer. A potential customer would probably choose to buy a market-tested product from a pharmacy as opposed to buying a product of unknown dosage and quality from a corner dealer.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Without the advantage of large profits, the drug dealing profession would lose its luster. A major problem is that teenagers see selling drugs as the only way to make money. Minimum wage salaries can not compare to the huge profits associated with dealing. In a drug community, the drug dealers are seen as the center of the community. They become role models for the children, replacing their parents. Eliminating the drug dealer will force these young children into the reality that education is the w...

Jonathans Swifts’ Gulliver’s Travels Essay

In Joanthans Swifts’ Gulliver’s Travels Part IV he uses a certain character to be his perfect example for what the human race should be. With this character he then will compare to the lowest of all beings to illustrate all the faults of man. These characters in his story are called the Houyhnhnms, which have a uniquely similar pronunciation to the word humans, and the Yahoos, who are the evil beasts of this particular island that Gulliver has washed up upon. Throughout the story as Gulliver describes the people of his home to the Houyhnhnms the reader begins to see how Swift shines a light on all the faults that humans have; compared to a divine, simple and perfect creature as the Houyhnhnms. Gulliver tries to distinct himself from the Yahoos of this land, who he absolutely abhors, by explaining his people’s ways and showing they have the ability to reason, unlike the Yahoos. The reader easily begins to see what Swift is trying to accomplish with his writings. He lets the reader make their own assumptions of the human race, but makes the assumption very clear. Within the story Gulliver describes how â€Å"his eyes had been opened and enlarged his understanding, which he began to view the actions and passions of man in a very different light†(puchner291). Gulliver begins to see that the thick skin, extra hair and long nails are merely the only thing separating himself from the Yahoos. This eye opening is exactly what Swift wants his readers to experience and see that there are so many despicable faults and useless ways of life in their society. The slow dissembling of the faults within man and questioning of the ways of mankind are in complete alignment with the ideas and ways of the Enlightenment, which was in short, to question everything. As Gulliver’s stay on the island continues, this questioning and examination of every aspect of his former life continues as well. The Houyhnhnms, or voices of reason, go on to question the laws of Gulliver’s land. One Houyhnhnms states how he cannot even contemplate how â€Å"the law which was intended for every man’s preservation should be any man’s ruin† (puchner285). Swift takes a deep stab at the governments’ ways of workings at the time and simply shows how it is anything but just and does not make any sense. Swift also makes a remarkable point in the direction of women’s rights, and uses common since to show how the treatment of women of the time was entirely reckless. The voice of a Houyhnhnms explains how it would be â€Å"monstrous in them to give the females a different kind of education from the males† (puchner298). The Houyhnhnms says how this way holds no logic, because it would leave one half of their people only useful for the bringing of children into the world and leave them good for nothing else (puchner298). Swift does not stop there and states how irresponsible it would be to not only leave this group inadequate but to then trust the care and upbringing of their children with these completely incompetent creatures. His reason here is very sound and unmistakable; how can you expect a society to flourish if the raising of man is done by the lowest creature of their society. Gulliver tries to prove to be different form the Yahoos by the fact that he can reason. The Houyhnhnms can see straight through this and one states that â€Å"when a creature pretending to reason could be capable of such enormities, he dreaded lest the corruption of that faculty might be worse than brutality itself† (puchner285). Through the Houyhnhnms response Swift dives into the depths of what humankind is capable of. He tackles how we may have the power of reason but have abused it to the full extent and instead of like the Yahoos caused destruction outwards on the world we have brought corruption into the inner beings of our society. Swift’s writings in Gulliver’s Travels question the entire makings of humankind and even the inability of people to dare to question. The Houyhnhnms are Swifts example of how humans should be but even the Houyhnhnms in their perfectness have a fault. They have no ability to question any facts or speak of â€Å"the thing which is not†. In Swift’s story, Gulliver recants how he remembers how hard it was for him to get his master to comprehend the meaning of the word opinion, or how any fact could be brought to question because â€Å"reason taught us to affirm or deny only where we are certain; and beyond our knowledge we cannot do either† (puchner297). Swift wants the reader to understand that you must not be afraid to put your thoughts and what you have been taught all of your life into question, to not fear the unknown. The Houyhnhnms refuse to believe that there are nations outside of their own island, similar to the way people refuse to think that there are opinions and answers other than their own that could be right. Swift uses his story Gulliver’s Travels to ignite the idea that the world as you know may not be the best of what it could be, just as the way stories have been used to teach children lessons at a young age. In Voltaire’s story Candide, his main character Candide is taken on a journey where he is determined to find his true love Cunegonde, which he is separated form in the beginning of the story. Through his journey Voltaire has Candide also in constant search for any man that is happier than he. In the story Candide has a friend named Pangloss who is a philosopher. In the beginning of this tale Pangloss states that â€Å"there cannot possibly be an effect without a cause† and that â€Å"things cannot be otherwise than they are, for since everything is made to serve an end, everything necessarily serves the best end† (puchner356). Voltaire takes these quotes throughout the story and commits Candide to question it at every chance, but is blinded by pure devotion to what his friend Pangloss has said and continues to push on. Voltaire uses the comparison of two opposites just as Jonathan Swift did in Gulliver Travel’s IV. Voltaire uses the land Eldorado in Candid e to compare to Westphalia. Eldorado is the example of the perfect world while Westphalia is full of everything that is wrong with the world in Voltaire’s opinion. In this sacred Eldorado Candide and Cacambo witnesses how the people have no desire or wants for the jewels that line their streets. He states that â€Å"the children of this land must be well trained, since they are taught contempt for gold and jewels† (puchner381). During their dinner with their host at the hotel Candide tries to use the gold for payment but in this perfect Eldorado people are courteous and hotels are made and paid for by the state and they do not need any money. Later Candide begins to ask about religion and finds that this land has the perfect religion where they do not have monks that dictate what they do and punish them if they do not practice their religion as they say they should (putchner383). Instead Voltaire describes a religion where people are all of the same mind and can freely practice their religion (puc hner282). Once Candide meets the king he finds that this perfect land has no parliament for there was no need and no prisons but they had a gallery full of places to study sciences with mathematical and physical instruments to help further knowledge (putchner383). Here you can see how Voltaire is creating a world that has no prejudices and is surrounded by the overall bettering and good of the people. Although Candide and Cacambo have found the perfect world they still are not satisfied. This is a major flaw in man, to continue to want even after they have everything they need. In response to this, Candide and Cacambo leave and take all the riches they need that they assume will bring them happiness but instead are presented with tragedy after tragedy that brings them right back to where they began. Candide then by losing everything somehow is reunited with all his friends and they make it to a tiny farm to live where Pangloss continues to question. He finds a philosopher that he wants to discuss the â€Å"effects and causes, the best of possible worlds, the origin of evil, the nature of the soul, and pre-established harmony† (putchner412) all of which are prime examples of some of the main parts that have been in question during the Enlightenment; but instead Pangloss has the door slammed in his face; similar to the way man refuses to discuss these very same aspect. Pangloss still does not stop asking questions and making philosophical assumptions even to the very end of the story and after all the terrible things that had happened to him. Candide then runs into a Turk that states that most of the time the people who get involved in others business, perish terribly (putchner413). The Turk then continues to tell Candide that he and his family cultivate their 20 acres â€Å"and the work keeps [them] from three great evils, boredom, vice, and poverty† (putchner413). Candide takes the Turks words very seriously and soon sets out his life to imitate the Turks and sets up a garden to cultivate. After meeting all the people throughout his journey he finds this man to be the only person happier than him and he had found a way to make life bearable; so Candide commits to doing the same. Voltaire has much to say through his character Pangloss and Martin, about men who choose to live their lives working. Pangloss states that â€Å"man was not born to take his ease† and Martin comments that â€Å"working without speculation is the only way of rendering life bearable.† Candide finally has everything that he wanted all on their farm but sees that what he wanted and thought is not anymore what he wants or thinks. Cunegonde has lost all her beauty and he does not love her anymore and Pangloss’s theory does not hold a light in Candid’s’ mind anymore. He decides to change his life and stop wanting more and make a life that is focused on one goal; to cultivate his garden and not worry about the trifles amongst the world. He then sees clearly that he makes his own happiness and others do not. The garden will keep him away from the evils in which he has met all his life. He will not have to want for food and beg, and he will only have enough for what he needs and not what he wants and this will keep his mind busy and away from boredom. Pope’s writings differ greatly from Swift’s or Voltaire’s. In Pope’s Essay on Man, he uses poetry to illustrate his philosophical points. The start of his essay states â€Å" what can we reason but from what we know†(putchner345). Pope gains the reader’s attention by simply saying that he is just going to examine Man. This alone is what the Enlightenment was about, to take into account all that you thought you knew and then ask yourself, is this really what I know. Pope goes to ask the question, are we the only system or universe? He says to just â€Å"observe how system into system runs†(putchner345). How can we be the only world is the question he wishes to ignite in us; if we just look at our world we can clearly see that we are too a system within a system and perhaps we have a purpose within this very sphere. He continues to ask question among question to further state, why are we the way we are? And are we the highest being above all on earth and if so, should we be in this place? We can see where he asks â€Å"if God has placed him wrong† and should we have the power over the world that we do (putchner345). If God has placed us in this high position then shouldn’t we be perfe ct, but he describes free will by saying that â€Å"man’s as perfect as he ought† and that we are as good as we let ourselves be (putchner346). The Essay on Man discusses fate and why we do not know our own fate or more then the very page that we are on in life. If â€Å"had he thy reason, would he skip and play† (putchner346) and continue to live our lives if we knew how it would all end. He gives the answer that hope of the unknown is what keeps man going. He examines the Indian people, a prime example of living in the unknown; for they had no sciences to let them see the planets and the universe but still remained to have God in their culture. He said they have a â€Å"humbler heaven† before the Europeans came to conquer their land and torment them for their gold (putchner347). Pope describes to the reader that pride is our error and we blame God for everything when we are not happy. Our pride gives us the right to think that earth is for our own use. He explains â€Å"why has not man a microscopic eye†, his response is simple â€Å"that man is not a fly† (putchner347). Pope wants the reader to see that God has made us the way we are and we are not meant to see that far; that we are meant to inspect the earth not to understand the heavens. He ends his essay by saying that â€Å"all partial evil [is] universal good† and that â€Å"whatever is, is right† (putchner351). This very statement was examined greatly by Voltaire’s work Candide and has been examined by many philosophers and thinkers even to this very present day. The Rape of the Lock is another story written by Pope in which he also uses poetry to reach the reader but in my case went over my head. He illustrates a beautiful story of a girl named Belinda that his great at playing cards and wins the heart of every man and Sylph she comes across. The Sylphs follow Belinda throughout her entire day and Pope begins to show how man has no control over anything that happens; whether that may be the folding of her sleeves or the safety of Belinda. Pope may be continuing his theory that man has his own fate but that he cannot know it and certain Powers that are out of our understand control our day to day life. That this is the way things are and it is in our best ability to be happy with the life we are given. Even the fair Belinda blessed with all the beauty in the world is not spared by fates hand. The loss of her strand of hair in the end may resemble the loss of virtue and her pride for even the perfect can be brought down. Works Cited Puchner, Martin, Suzanne Akbari, Wiebke Denecke, Vinay Dharwadke, and Barbara Fuchs. The Norton Anthology of World Literature. 3rd ed. Vol. D. New York, London: W. W. Norton & Company, 2012. 269-413. Print.

Bp Case

1. The aspects of BP’s ethical culture that could have contributed to the Gulf Coast oil spill disaster include: * The company tried to assure concerned stakeholders that it took environmental concerns seriously, but BP’s actions have not always concided with its words. BP has engaged in numerous instances of questionable behavior including fraud, environmental, and ethical transgressions clearly demonstrate that the company has a history of disregarding the well-being of stakeholders.The company has claimed to be an ethical company, concerned with stakeholder well-being, but its many violations tell a different story. * BP’s code of conduct was not sufficient to prevent a man made environmental disaster on an unprecedented scale. Apparently, BP’s code did not effectively address specific high risk activities within the scope of daily operations. * An investigation implies that BP cut short procedures and quality testing of the pipe (tests that are meant t o detect has in the well).Also, BP used a less costly well design that some investigators deemed â€Å"risky†. Installation of this design is easier and costs are lower. Although, BP didn’t break any laws by using this design, they ignored safer alternatives (to save money) that might have prevented, or at least hindered, the accident. * BP admitted that they had ignored several procedures required by the Clean Air Act for ensuring mechanical integrity and a safe startup between 1999 until the explosion in 2005 that killed 15 employees and injured another 170 people.The explosion was the result of a leak of hydrocarbon liquid, and vapor. Another leak that happened in 2006 occurred after BP failed to respond to numerous red flags. One of these flags consisted of a dangerous corrosion in its pipes that had gone unchecked for more than a decade. * To narrow this entire question up, BP took shortcuts in their productions to cut their costs, and ignored defaults, regular ro utine cleanings, and maintenance of the rigs causing explosions and leaks, and people getting killed, harmed, or injured. . Yes, BP engaged in purposeful avoidance of risk management. * Some suggest that BP cut corners in risk management to save time and money. * BP had a responsibility to ensure that appropriate precautions were taken to prevent a disaster, but they failed to meet their responsibilities. For example, one technician that worked on the oil rig accused BP of willful negligence. He claims that BP did in fact have knowledge that the rig’s blowout preventer was leaking weeks prior to the explosion, but did not halt the production. BP’s contingency plan in case of a disaster was inadequate. It contained many important inaccuracies. For example, one of the wildlife experts listed as an emergency responder had been dead since 2005. Another example, is that the contingency plan estimated that if a oil spill should occur, that the company would be able to recove r about 500,000 barrels of oil per day, when in reality it took BP months to just contain the leak, at a spill rate of much less than listed in their plan.The inaccuracies of BP’s contingency plan shows how unprepared the company was for a disaster like the Deep Water Horizon spill. 3. I think that in order for BP to rebuild their reputation and manage the risks associated with offshore drilling, they should not take shortcuts or cut corners to save time or money. They should commit to a socially responsible approach and stakeholder engagement. They should have safety organizations in place. They should follow safety rules and regulations. Conduct better start up procedures.

Stock Market Prices

Stock Market Prices The prices of stocks which are purchased and sold in the secondary market are mostly influenced by demand and supply. Typically, the price of stocks depends on the number of shares that are offered in relation to the demand of the stocks.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Stock Market Prices specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The price of the shares are often high when there are few shares in the market and if the demand of these shares is high. On the other hand, the prices of shares are low if the shares offered in the market are many. Similarly, the price of the shares becomes significantly low when demand of the shares in the market goes down. Thus, the price of shares is determined by the demand and supply of shares in the market. Supply and Demand The demand of shares in the stock market is determined by various factors. Sloman (2008) posits that, income, wealth, expectations, divided yield, price and returns of su bstitutes are the factors that influence the demand of the stocks. Sloman (2008) considers the dividend yield as the money received back by investors and is expressed as a given percentage of its price. Many investors are attracted to purchase those stocks whose dividends are high. Equally, the prices and returns of substitutes relate to dividends as well as the market price for other corresponding stocks. Since the demand of such stocks is often high, their supply often goes down. Subsequently, this makes the price of the stocks to increase. According to Sloman (2008), the most prevalent substitutes for investing in shares include investing in properties such as real estates. Investors are always looking for the ways to make extra money. Therefore, many investors opt to invest in properties or any other forms of investments if they consider them to be more profitable than investing in shares. According to Boyce (2011), between 1960 and 2009 the profits for equities was higher than the profits gained from investment in property for the most part of the 20-year investment period. It was also observed that even over shorter time spans, equities have been the top-most performing asset, in 64% of five year periods, between 1960 and 2006. Wealth represents the accrued savings and assets. Wealth that is in form of assets is easily converted into cash and invested in shares. It is important to note that houses do not have a high rate of return as compared to investments in shares. Therefore, high-rise owners often opt to sell their houses and invest that money in shares. When this occurs, it increases the demands of shares.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More People’s expectations is another factor that determines the demand and prices of shares. Investors tend to buy more of those shares that they are optimistic about their future value. However , this kind of buying poses a great risk. This is because these prospects are not always true. Sometimes, other factors which may be beyond the investors’ expectations could crop up and affect the current outstanding performances of such companies. Such issues may lessen the value of the shares (Bacchetta, Tille Wincoop , 2010) Share prices and their effects on businesses The prices of shares in companies are imperative. This is because the prices of these shares are often used to depict the performance of a given company in the market. When the price of a company’s share increases, it primarily indicates that that company is performing well. Conversely, when the price of the share in a company decreases, it indicates poor performances. Textbook Questions If the rate of economic growth is 3% in a particular year, why are share prices likely to rise by more than 3% that year? Strong economies have been noted to be characterized by an increase in the household income wh ich is reflected in increased spending and investments. An economic growth of about 3% in a particular year is likely to translate to increased share prices by more than 3%. This is because a growth in the economy signifies increased per capita income. What happened to the FTSE 100 in 2010, why? Figure 1 The figure above illustrates how the FTSE 100 index initially performed poorly after suffering major setbacks due to the economic recession witnessed in the year 2008-2009. According to Scott (2010), investors were reluctant to invest in shares since they could not project what would follow the financial crisis.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Stock Market Prices specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The financial crises of the year 2008-09 lead to the failing of many banks which impacted negatively on the value of the FTSE 100 stock market. Fletcher (2010) noted that, even by mid 2010, the performance of the FTSE 100 s tock had not appreciated considerably since most investors were still under uncertainty of investing in shares. This is clearly noted by the great decrease in share prices that occurred in July. Similarly, the value of the shares depreciated significantly in September and November. These drops were linked to large amounts of money that were given to other European countries as bail-outs (Kollewe McDonald, 2010). At the end of the year 2010, the value of the shares had appreciated greatly since more investors had became more optimistic about the future of shares as indicated by the raising of the overall value of the index (Scott, 2010). Find another application of the same idea and explain why the concept is useful in the context you have chosen Supply and demand also determines the prices of commodities globally. For example, currently the prices of Cocoa have greatly increased due to the shortage of Cocoa which is associated with the recent civil unrest in Ivory Coast (AFN, 2011) . Figure 2 ‘CÃ ´te d’Ivoire is among the leading producers of Cocoa in the world. Being a major supplier of the commodity, the country plays a central role in influencing the world cocoa prices. Similar concerns about the disruption of cocoa production and export during the civil war also caused New York prices to soar to a high of $2,335/tonne in October 2002.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It is observed that when cocoa is in short supply and also in high demand, its prices are often artificially inflated in a similar way to the share prices. This principle is very similar to what happens on stock markets, although the causes are usually much different. Conclusion The supply and demand of shares are known to be the natural determiners of the prices of shares. Nevertheless, there is a danger in that; the process is often manipulated where the prices of shares ends up being artificially inflated. This inflation is dangerous because it leads to considerable loss of investors’ money when the bubble occurs. List of References AAP., 2010. Wattyl accepts takeover bid from Valspar. Web. AFN., 2011. Cote D’Ivoire and cocoa: The facts. Web. Baccheta, P., Tille, C., Wincoop, E., 2010. Risk panics: When markets crash for no apparent reason. Web. Boyce, L., 2011. Investors love for property starts to dim. Web. Fletcher, N., 2010. FTSE 100 dips ahead of bank stress t est results. Web. Kollewe, A., McDonald., P. 2010. Anglo Irish Bank bailout could total â‚ ¬34bn. Web. Scott, P., 2010. Where will the FTSE 100 end 2010? Web. Sloman, J., 2008. Economics and the Business Environment, 2nd edition. New York: McGraw Hill.

Manson Family Member Linda Kasabian

Manson Family Member Linda Kasabian Charles Manson made a poor call when he picked Linda Kasabian to join the group of killers who set out to kill everyone inside the homes of actress Sharon Tate and Leno and Rosemary LaBianca. Kasabian was there  but stood in horror as the screams of the victims broke the nights silence. She managed to escape from the Manson family and later turned states evidence during the Tate and LaBianca murder trials. It was her eye-witness testimony that sealed the convictions of those responsible for the brutal murders. The Early Days Linda Kasabian was born on June 21, 1949, in Biddeford, Maine. At age 16, she quit school, left home and headed out west in search for the meaning of life. While on the road, she lived in various hippie communes where she engaged in casual sex and drugs. By the age of 20, she was a two-time divorcee and had given birth to a baby girl. On July 4, 1969, pregnant with her second child, she visited Spahn Ranch and immediately joined Charles Manson and the Manson family. Helter Skelter On August 8, 1969, Kasabian, who had only been with the Manson family for four weeks, was selected by Manson to drive family members Tex Watson, Susan Atkins and Patricia Krenwinkel to 10050 Cielo Drive. The assignment for the night was to murder everyone inside the home. Manson believed that the massacre would kick start an apocalyptic race war that he had predicted and named Helter Skelter. It was the address of actor Sharon Tate and her husband, film director Roman Polanski.   The couple was renting the house and Sharon Tate, who was eight and a half months pregnant, invited Hollywood hairstylist, Jay Sebring,  coffee heiress Abigail Folger, and Polish actor Wojciech Frykowski, to stay as house guests while Polanski was away in London. 10050 Cielo Drive had previously been the home of record producer Terry Melcher, who Manson had tried to get a record contract with, but the deal never materialized. Angry that Melcher was putting him off, Manson when to his home to confront him, but Melcher had moved away and Manson was asked to leave the premises. Angry and rejected, the address became symbolic of all that Manson hated about the establishment. Butchered When the Manson family members arrived at the Tate home, Kasabian watched as the groups first victim, 18-year-old Steven Parent, was shot to death by Tex Watson. Parent had just graduated from high school and was trying to raise money for college. He was hoping to sell his radio to his friend William Garretson, who was the caretaker of the Tate home.  After visiting with Garretson, he  was on his way home and was driving up to the electric gates to leave the Tate home, just as the Manson group arrived. Watson knifed and shot him three times, killing him. Kasabian later  stood watch outside the Tate home and heard screams coming from inside. She watched in shock as some of the victims came running outside the home, soaked in blood and screaming for help, only to be caught and butchered on the front lawn by Tex Watson  and Susan Atkins. Kasabian tried to stop the massacre by telling the group that she heard noises, but her attempts failed and everyone inside the house, including eight-month pregnant Sharon Tate was viciously murdered. After the murders, Kasabian wiped off blood and fingerprints from the weapons used in the murders and dropped them into a ravine. The LaBianca Murders The next night Kasabian was ordered by Manson to go out again and later testified that she was too afraid to tell him no. This time the group included Manson, Watson, Atkins, Krenwinkel. Kasabian, Van Houten and Steve Grogan. The group drove to Leo and Rosemary LaBianca. First Manson and Tex went inside the LaBianca home and tied up the couple. He instructed Watson, Krenwinkel, and Van Houten to go inside and kill the couple. Manson, Kasabian, Atkins and Grogan drove away, and went hunting for another victim.   Manson wanted to find and murder an actor who was also one of Kasabians old boyfriends. She purposely pointed out the wrong apartment and the group, tired of driving around, gave up and returned to the ranch. Kasabian Escapes Spahn Ranch Two days after the LaBianca murders, Kasabian agreeing to run an errand for Manson, used the opportunity to flee from Spahn Ranch. To avoid suspicion she had to leave her daughter Tonya behind. Later  she located her daughter at a foster home where she was placed after the October police raid on Spahn Ranch. Kasabian Turns State Evidence Kasabian went to live with her mother in New Hampshire. A warrant for her arrest was issued on December 2, 1969, for her involvement in the Tate and LaBianca murders. She immediately turned herself over to the authorities and turned states evidence and was given immunity for her testimony. Her testimony was invaluable for the prosecution in the Tate-LaBianca murder trial. Co-defendants Charles Manson, Susan Atkins, Patricia Krenwinkel and Leslie Van Houten were found guilty largely based on Kasabians direct and honest testimony. After the trial, she returned to New Hampshire where she dealt with a lot of public scorn. She eventually changed her name and it has been rumored hat she moved to Washington State. See Also: The Manson Family Photo Album Source:Desert Shadows by Bob MurphyHelter Skelter by Vincent Bugliosi and Curt GentryThe Trial of Charles Manson by Bradley Steffens

Career Counseling in the workplace Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Career Counseling in the workplace - Essay Example Narrative Bob’s recent new job as an administrative assistant at an outpatient treatment center though, constantly distracted by counselors throughout the day with issues involving billing is extremely busy and sometimes frustrating. When trying to do work, Bob enjoys what he does. However, there was a lack of communication getting problems resolved, such as not updating billing information for clients when they checked in for their appointments, which should be done before the patients arrive. The company (nonprofit organization) consists of a small number of employees; Bob, two other females who work in the front office (administration) and eight counselors who gossip and talk about one another all day and ask for or demand things that are unnecessary and can be obtain from their offices on their own computers. This becomes very distracting, especially when Bob is trying to check patients in and answering the phones all at once. Bob, never excited about his recent job or wha t it consisted of, was never really motivated to make any improvements.